Australia is well known for its unique and diverse wildlife, and its marine life is no exception.
One of the fascinating creatures found in Australian waters is crabs.
With over 5,000 species of crabs worldwide, Australia is home to more than 850 different types of crabs.
These crabs can be found in many habitats, from the shallow waters of beaches and estuaries to the deep sea.
In this article, we will take a closer look at some of the fascinating types of crabs in Australia, their characteristics, and where you can find them.
1. Mud Crabs
Mud crabs, also known as the Scylla serrata, are a type of crab found in the mangrove swamps and estuaries along the coast of northern Australia.
These crabs can grow up to 25cm in width and weigh up to 3kg. They are known for their delicious meat and are a prized catch for commercial and recreational fishermen.
These types of crabs in Australia are brownish-green with rough shells covered in bumps and spines.
They have strong claws that they use to defend themselves and catch prey. These omnivorous crabs will feed on various foods, including small fish, crustaceans, and plant material.
One unique characteristic of mud crabs is their ability to breathe air using specialized gills known as pseudo-lungs.
This allows them to survive in low-oxygen environments and to move between water and land.
Mud crabs are also known for their robust claws, which they use to catch prey and defend themselves.
2. Blue Swimmer Crabs
Blue swimmer crabs, also known as Portunus pelagicus, are a popular seafood delicacy found along the coast of Australia.
These crabs in Australia are usually found in shallow waters and can grow up to 25cm wide. They are named after their blue-green shell.
One unique characteristic of blue swimmer crabs is their ability to regenerate lost limbs. If a claw is lost, the crab can grow a new one within a few molts.
Blue swimmer crabs are also known for their rapid swimming ability, which allows them to escape predators and catch prey.
They are typically found in shallow waters, such as estuaries, bays, and lagoons.
These types of crabs in Australia are a popular seafood delicacy often caught by commercial and recreational fishermen.
3. Giant Spider Crabs
Giant spider crabs, or Macrocheira kaempferi, are one of Australia’s unique crabs. These types of crabs in Australia can grow up to 4 meters in a leg span and weigh up to 20kg.
They are found in the deeper waters off the coast of southern Australia and are known for their distinctive long, spindly legs.
Giant spider crabs are omnivorous and will feed on various foods, including small fish, crustaceans, and plant material.
They are also known to scavenge on dead animals that fall to the ocean floor.
These crabs are not commonly caught for food but are a popular subject for divers and underwater photographers.
4. Horseshoe Crabs
Horseshoe crabs, also known as Tachypleus tridentatus, are a type of crab found along the eastern coast of Australia.
These types of crabs in Australia are not valid but are more closely related to spiders and scorpions.
They are named after their horseshoe-shaped shell and can grow up to 50cm long.
Horseshoe crabs have a hard exoskeleton that protects their body and several spiny legs that they use to move along the ocean floor.
These crabs are not typically consumed by humans but are an essential part of the ecosystem as they feed on tiny organisms and act as prey for larger animals.
5. Ghost Crabs
Ghost crabs are found on the sandy beaches along the coast of Australia, including Western Australia, Queensland, and New South Wales.
They are named after their pale coloration and ability to blend in with their surroundings.
Humans do not typically consume these types of crabs in Australia. Still, they are an essential part of the ecosystem as they feed on tiny organisms and act as prey for larger animals.
One unique characteristic of ghost crabs is their ability to burrow into the sand. Their specialized legs and claws allow them to dig quickly and efficiently.
Ghost crabs are also known for their rapid movement, enabling escape predators and catching prey quickly.
Conclusion
There are many different types of crabs in Australia. Some of the most well-known and widespread species include the mud crab, blue swimmer crab, and spanner crab.
Every kind of crab has its unique characteristics and habits, and they are highly valued for their meat and as a delicacy in many parts of the country.
Aside from their culinary importance, crabs also play a vital role in the ecosystem. They serve as a food source for other marine animals and help maintain coastal ecosystems’ health.
However, many species of crabs in Australia face habitat loss, overfishing, and climate change threats.
Therefore, protecting and conserving these species and their habitats is essential for long-term survival.
This can include implementing sustainable fishing practices, reducing pollution, protecting coastal habitats, and raising public awareness about preserving these vital species.
